Non-tilt window channel replacement
My questions are should I order the 2830 stamp option for this weight? My windows do not have take out clips nor any holes for their use. Should I add take outs and drill holes into the plastic guides for installing them or just use the technique of adding a screw to both sides to assist in removing and replacing channels? What installation height from the closed sash would I need as a take out point?
From what you're describing, it sounds like you indeed have an S385-29, but if the window weighs exactly 16 lbs, then a stamp option of 2830 would indeed be preferable. Did you ever have trouble keeping these windows closed before the balances broke? If so, a spring that was too strong would be the cause.
It's pretty unusual that your windows had no holes for take-out clips. How did you get the old balances out? And how did the builders expect you to remove and replace the balances? It would probably be best to use the screw solution, despite it being makeshift. It depends on the window, but roughly ten inches above the window sash should work. You generally just want enough space to catch the balance, remove the sash, and be able to gently extract the balance. See the video below as an example.